PollyStop
B2 · Building confidence 187 words · 2 min

Your Map Would Be Wrong By Lunchtime

Satellite clocks tick faster than clocks on the ground, and if nobody corrected for it your phone would lose you within hours.

Illustration for Your Map Would Be Wrong By Lunchtime

Before you read

Before you read

Listen to Polly read it
English voice

Your phone knows where you are because it is listening to clocks in space. Satellites broadcast the time, over and over, and your phone works out its position from how long each signal took to arrive. It is really a timing problem wearing a map.

Here is the awkward part. Those clocks do not tick at the same rate as the clock on your wrist. Up there, further fro...

Here is the awkward part. Those clocks do not tick at the same rate as the clock on your wrist. Up there, further from the mass of the planet, time runs slightly faster. Moving fast in orbit pulls the other way and slows them slightly. The two effects do not cancel, and the satellites end up gaining about thirty eight millionths of a second every day.

That sounds like nothing. It is not. Light travels about thirty centimetres in a billionth of a second, so an uncorre...

That sounds like nothing. It is not. Light travels about thirty centimetres in a billionth of a second, so an uncorrected error of that size grows into roughly ten kilometres of position error per day. Your blue dot would drift off the street, then off the town, before dinner. The clocks are deliberately built to tick at the wrong rate on the ground, so that they tick at the right one once they are up there.

That's the story.

Your AI tutor

Now say it out loud. Talk about this story with Polly.

Polly is PollyStop's voice tutor. She talks with you about stories like this one, out loud.

Get PollyStop free.

  • A new graded story every day, with audio.
  • Save the words you meet and practise them later.
  • Speaking practice with feedback.
  • Polly, the voice tutor, is opening up to more learners.

Keep learning in PollyStop

Listen, save words, practise

Get the app